Here reference input signal is compared to the reference output signal and the third signal is produced by the feedback system. Here the device is controlled by a feedback signal generated by comparing output signal and reference input signal. It is a closed-loop system where it uses a positive feedback system to control motion and the final position of the shaft. The position of a servo motor is decided by electrical pulse and its circuitry is placed beside the motor. For example: A 6kg/cm Servo motor should be able to lift 6kg if the load is suspended 1cm away from the motors shaft, the greater the distance the lesser the weight carrying capacity. This kg/cm tells you how much weight your servo motor can lift at a particular distance. Servo motors are rated in kg/cm (kilogram per centimeter) most hobby servo motors are rated at 3kg/cm or 6kg/cm or 12kg/cm.
Due to these features, they are being used in many applications like toy car, RC helicopters and planes, Robotics, etc. A servo motor usually comes with a gear arrangement that allows us to get a very high torque servo motor in small and lightweight packages. For this tutorial, we will be discussing only about the DC servo motor working. Apart from these major classifications, there are many other types of servo motors based on the type of gear arrangement and operating characteristics. If motor is powered by a DC power supply then it is called DC servo motor, and if it is AC-powered motor then it is called AC servo motor. It is just made up of a simple motor which runs through a servo mechanism. If you want to rotate an object at some specific angles or distance, then you use a servo motor. Normally this type of motor consists of a control circuit that provides feedback on the current position of the motor shaft, this feedback allows the servo motors to rotate with great precision. A servo motor is a type of motor that can rotate with great precision.
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